YIC2025

Additive manufacturing of beams with triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) geometry

  • Schiantella, Mattia (University of Perugia)
  • Cluni, Federico (University of Perugia)
  • Gusella, Vittorio (University of Perugia)

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Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) are mathematical surfaces characterised by zero mean curvature at every point [1], enabling optimal material distribution and exceptional mechanical performance [2]. These geometries are extensively studied for their applications in biomedical engineering, particularly in prosthetic devices and osseous scaffolds [3]. Their porous structures not only mimic the mechanical properties of bone but also promote stress transfer and minimise stress shielding effects, making them ideal for load-bearing applications. Although TPMS were discovered and studied during the second half of the twentieth century, their practical realisation became feasible only with the advent of additive manufacturing. This preliminary study exploits TPMS geometries to design and fabricate beams with enhanced mechanical performance and material efficiency [4]. The designs were developed through computational modelling and validated experimentally on samples fabricated via additive manufacturing. In addition to conventional mechanical testing, thermoelastic stress analysis (TSA) was performed to experimentally measure the stress distribution under load, confirming that the finite element models accurately predict the mechanical behaviour of the structures. The results demonstrate the potential of TPMS-based architectures to achieve lightweight structures with tailored mechanical properties cause these structures density can be easily graded by acting on the thickness of their walls. Future work will focus on extending this approach to more complex loading conditions and further optimising the spatial distribution of different TPMS morphologies.