This study investigates the impact of high temperatures on concrete confined with Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM), addressing critical durability challenges in fire-exposed environments. FRCM confinement—comprising fabrics embedded in cementitious matrices—was evaluated as a potential solution for enhancing concrete performance under thermal stress conditions. The experimental program subjected FRCM-confined plain concrete specimens to controlled temperature exposures ranging from ambient to 600°C, followed by comprehensive visual assessments and compressive strength testing. Results demonstrate that FRCM provides effective confinement and structural stability at moderate temperatures up to 300°C, with specimens maintaining high load capacities while exhibiting only minimal visual damage such as fine surface cracks and mild discoloration. At 450°C, significant degradation occurs with compressive strength reduced to approximately 50% of its original value, accompanied by wider cracks, spalling, and partial debonding of the cementitious matrix from the fabric reinforcement. Severe thermal damage was observed at 600°C, characterized by a drastic drop in compressive strength, extensive cracking, spalling, and detachment of mortar layers. The findings reveal both advantages and limitations of FRCM confining systems under thermal exposure. While FRCM effectively preserves structural integrity under moderate thermal conditions, its performance diminishes significantly at higher temperatures. Overall, FRCM confinement represents a promising solution for strengthening and repairing concrete structures subjected to moderate heat exposure but requires additional technological improvements for applications in high-temperature environments. These findings contribute important data for engineering applications in fire-prone areas and inform the development of more resilient infrastructure systems.